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$365,000
3 Beds ⋅ 1 Baths ⋅ 202622780 MLS
Charming 3-bed, 1-bath rancher tucked beneath mature trees on a spacious, fully fenced lot. Gleaming hardwood floors flow through the light-filled living room, anchored by a cozy brick fireplace with wood stove insert. The updated kitchen features white cabinetry, tile backsplash, and stainless steel appliances. All three bedrooms offer hardwood floors and ample closet space, while the tastefully updated bathroom boasts a tiled tub/shower combo and bronze fixtures. The finished basement adds bonus living space plus a dedicated laundry area. Step outside to your private backyard oasis, a covered, fan-cooled patio overlooking a large lawn and gravel area, perfect for entertaining, all enclosed by a tall wood fence for ultimate privacy. An attached garage and long driveway offer plenty of parking. Move-in ready with classic character and thoughtful updates throughout. Schedule your showing today!

202 N Bolivar Rd, Spokane Valley
$459,900
202622773 MLS
WONDERFUL SPOKANE VALLEY DUPLEX! Long-term ownership and a long-term tenant highlight this well-cared-for 1977-built property. Each spacious unit offers approximately 1,331 sq/ft with 2 bedrooms and 2 bathroom—one unit on the upper level and one on the lower level. An excellent opportunity for an investor looking to add to their portfolio or an owner-occupant wanting the benefits of multi-family living. Each unit features its own gas forced-air heating system and central A/C. The furnace, A/C and hot water heater for the 922 unit were all replaced in 2024. Both units also enjoy separate fenced backyards and their own private deck or patio. Additional highlights include garage and a convenient Spokane Valley location backing directly to Ness Elementary, with quick access to I-90, shopping, restaurants and everyday services. The roof is scheduled for a full replacement and had not yet been started at the time of listing input. A solid, well-maintained duplex w/ great versatility and income potential—A MUST SEE

920-922 N Locust Rd, Spokane Valley
$475,000
5 Beds ⋅ 3 Baths ⋅ 202622760 MLS
Beautifully maintained 5-bedroom, 3-bath mid-century rancher in Spokane Valley! The main floor features 4 spacious bedrooms, including a primary suite with en-suite bath, and a versatile flex room tucked behind the garage. Light-filled living spaces showcase beautiful wood floors and a cozy wood stove. The large galley kitchen offers a breakfast nook, informal dining area, and additional bathroom. The basement adds incredible flexibility with a second primary suite currently used as a movie room, additional rec room, huge laundry room, and abundant storage. Outside, enjoy a huge fenced backyard with an expansive covered deck, fire pit area, and storage shed. Newer roof, exterior paint, and numerous updates throughout make this home move-in ready!

10510 E Desmet Ave, Spokane Valley
$345,000
4 Beds ⋅ 2 Baths ⋅ 202622703 MLS
*NEW ROOF* Completely refreshed and ready to go in the heart of Spokane Valley! This 4 bedroom, 2 bath rancher offers 1,008 sq ft of bright, all-new living space - luxury vinyl plank flooring, fresh paint, and new lighted ceiling fans throughout. The two-tone kitchen steals the show with quartz counters, navy shaker cabinets, gold hardware, a black undermount sink, and stainless appliances. Both bathrooms are fully updated - a tiled tub/shower with brushed gold fixtures plus a second bath with its own step-in shower. New carpet in the bedrooms and a new water heater round out the list. Step outside to a covered patio with exposed brick accents, two storage sheds, plenty of off-street parking, and towering pines on an oversized, freshly graded lot with room to split or develop (buyer to verify). Minutes to shopping, schools, and I-90. Come see this one!

10515 E 10th Ave, Spokane Valley
$469,000
4 Beds ⋅ 3 Baths ⋅ 202622685 MLS
2.99% ASSUMABLE VA LOAN with approx. $366K balance! Beautifully updated Kokomo rancher offering 4 beds, 3 baths & a finished walkout basement set up for separate living. Previously rented to traveling nurses, the lower level features a bedroom with walk-in closet, full bath, family room, wet bar, gas fireplace & private walkout—ideal for guests, extended living or potential rental income. Upstairs, hardwood floors add warmth throughout, with an updated kitchen featuring stainless appliances, butcher block counters & updated cabinetry, plus a new wood stove. Major improvements include NEW roof, chimney & wood stove (2023), furnace & hot water heater (2025), LeafGuard gutters with transferable warranty, LED lighting & new gates. Oversized fenced yard with mature trees, covered deck, new landscaping, paving & walking path. Attached 2-car garage + carport, gas forced air & central A/C. Move-in ready with the big-ticket updates already done! Minutes to Dishman Hills, shopping, dining & Spokane Valley amenities.

12118 E 22nd Ave, Spokane Valley
$274,950
3 Beds ⋅ 2 Baths ⋅ 202622677 MLS
Gated 55+ senior community, an amazing opportunity to get this home at this price in Mission Meadows. Beautiful Marlette model with an open floor plan and high ceilings with so many windows for natural light. Pick your flooring ($4000 carpet/vinyl/ flooring allowance at this price. Brand new interior paint, newer furnace and A/C., Roof is being replaced, not much left to do as far as big ticket items. Similar plans without a garage have sold for $10,000 more. Everyone loves the oversized covered front porch and this home faces the perfect direction for shaded afternoon sun and entertaining. Large Clubhouse to enjoy all the fun activities. 3rd bedroom is used as an office as there isn't a closet. Home has some AI photos to show carpet and furnishing ideas, but you get to pick carpet and vinyl colors or use credit towards a laminate floor. Lot rent of $620 covers water sewer, clubhouse activities and snow removal.

1617 N Hodges Ln, Spokane Valley
$529,000
5 Beds ⋅ 3 Baths ⋅ 202622669 MLS
Back on market through no fault of seller. 5-bed, 3-bath home with beautifully updated kitchen/great room with huge slab island big enough to seat 12. Corner lot in Spokane Valley’s Ponderosa neighborhood, just one block from the Dishman Hills Natural Area trail system. This pre-inspected home features new flooring throughout, fresh interior paint, updated bathroom vanities, and a remodeled kitchen with Spanish tile backsplash. Cathedral ceilings and an open-concept layout create a bright, spacious feel. The main living area opens to a large deck overlooking the fully fenced backyard with patio and pool featuring a new liner (2025). Downstairs offers a large family/rec room, two bedrooms, bath, laundry, and flexible bonus space ideal for an office, gym, or hobby room. Additional features include a water softener and multiple gathering spaces indoors and out. Convenient location near parks, shopping, dining, and outdoor recreation.

3901 S Sunderland Dr, Spokane Valley
$424,900
3 Beds ⋅ 3 Baths ⋅ 202622667 MLS
Wake up to beautiful views of Mount Spokane and the Spokane Valley from this updated 3 bedroom, 2.5 bathroom home tucked into a quiet cul de sac. With 2,470 square feet of living space, this home offers the room and flexibility that are hard to find. The main level features a primary suite, an updated kitchen with new appliances, and bright living spaces that take advantage of the surrounding views. The daylight basement is a standout, bringing in natural light and offering additional space for a family room, home office, guest area, or entertainment space. Thoughtful updates and fresh finishes throughout make this home truly move in ready. Outside, you’ll find a fenced yard, private patio, and attached two car garage, all while staying conveniently close to shopping, dining, schools, and everything Spokane Valley has to offer. The updates will catch your eye, but the space, daylight basement, and Mount Spokane views are what make this home one you’ll remember.

10611 E Baldwin Ave, Spokane Valley
$165,000
2 Beds ⋅ 1 Baths ⋅ 202622653 MLS
Enjoy a Spokane Valley lifestyle making it easy to get out, connect & enjoy nearby amenities. This condo sits directly across from 8.3-acre Balfour Park, where you can walk, play pickleball or basketball, enjoy the soccer fields & Sounders FC mini-pitch, or take part in community events at the plaza. A new playground & splash park are planned for 2027. At home, relax and unwind with an in-ground swimming pool, courtyard & cabana/community area that’s perfect for gathering with friends or hosting a small event. Inside, this condo is unique with plenty of character, secure building access & separate storage for the things you don’t want taking up everyday living space. Add in nearby shopping, restaurants & conveniences, and this is a great opportunity for someone looking for low-maintenance living with recreation, community and everyday amenities right outside the door.

10321 E Main Ave, Spokane Valley
$400,000
4 Beds ⋅ 3 Baths ⋅ 202622644 MLS
Quality extras and thoughtful updates make this lovely 4-bedroom, 3-bath home a must-see! Enjoy a 2-car insulated garage with a 240V outlet, plus covered RV parking with electrical hookup and a convenient RV sewer dump connection. The home features newer vinyl windows, updated carpet and vinyl flooring, and two gas fireplaces with inserts that add warmth and character. Comfort is covered with natural gas heat, central A/C, a humidifier, and gas hot water. Outside, the fenced garden area offers space to grow and relax. With versatile amenities, practical upgrades, and plenty of room for everyday living and entertaining, this property offers exceptional value and convenience. Come see all the extras this well-equipped home has to offer!

14707 E Alki Ave, Spokane Valley
$45,000
2 Beds ⋅ 2 Baths ⋅ 202622598 MLS
Your dream of affordable living in Spokane Valley starts here. This updated 2-bedroom, 2-bathroom manufactured home is the opportunity you've been waiting for. With 1,134 sq. ft. of living area and a bonus buildout for additional space. Built-ins throughout for extra storage space. A newer aluminum roof and durable metal siding provide peace of mind and long-term durability. End lot with a fully fenced yard and pets allowed. Lot rent covers both water and sewer and is just $677/month but only $577/month with autopay. Buyer to verify with Park Manager for current information and application. Financing is available on this bank-owned opportunity.

5820 E 4th Ave, Spokane Valley
$385,000
6 Beds ⋅ 2 Baths ⋅ 202622594 MLS
Spokane Valley Rancher with 6 Bedrooms, 2 Baths & Corner Lot! Priced to sell, this spacious Spokane Valley rancher offers incredible potential, abundant living space, and a fantastic corner-lot location. The main floor features 3 bedrooms, 2 bathrooms, a spacious kitchen, and convenient main-floor laundry, creating an ideal single-level living layout. Head downstairs to discover 3 additional rooms, with 2 not qualifying as legal bedrooms but offering excellent flexibility for a home office, gym, hobby room, or additional living area. The home has fresh exterior paint and a newer roof, giving you a great head start on the updates. Add your personal touch with interior paint and make this solid home truly shine. Outside, enjoy a large fully fenced backyard with plenty of room for entertaining, gardening, pets, or play. The attached 2-car garage includes a convenient back door providing direct access to the backyard. Bring your vision and turn this spacious rancher into your next home, priced to sell!

12522 E 27th Ave, Spokane Valley
$45,000
2 Beds ⋅ 1 Baths ⋅ 202622592 MLS
Welcome home to your 960 sq ft, 2 bedroom, 1 bathroom manufactured home in Pinecroft Mobile Home Park, in the heart of Spokane Valley. The spacious master bedroom offers plenty of room to unwind, while the second bedroom works well as a guest room, office, or extra storage. A comfortable living room, formal dining area, and functional kitchen round out the floor plan. Enjoy quick freeway access and close proximity to shopping, dining, and the mall; everything you need is just minutes away. Priced at $45,000, this is an affordable entry point into Spokane Valley living!

11920 E Mansfield Ave, Spokane Valley
$589,900
4 Beds ⋅ 3 Baths ⋅ 202622591 MLS
Tucked away on a quiet cul-de-sac in Spokane Valley, in Central Valley School District, this super clean, comfortable four-level home sits on a beautifully maintained .32-acre lot. Offering 4 bedrooms and 3 bathrooms, the spacious primary suite features a walk-in closet plus an additional closet. for exceptional storage, and a 3/4 bathroom. The lower level includes a generous family room that could easily serve as a fifth bedroom, guest suite, or flex space. The fenced backyard is a true retreat with a patio and private sports court, perfect for entertaining and recreation. A storage shed and an awesome new woodworking shop built in 2024! This shop offers endless possibilities for hobbies, a home business, or creative pursuits, and is equipped with a mini-split, heat/cool system for year-round comfort. This is a rare opportunity to enjoy space, versatility, and a peaceful setting in a very desirable neighborhood.

14821 E 21st Ct, Spokane Valley
$299,000
2 Beds ⋅ 1 Baths ⋅ 202622590 MLS
Welcome home to this cute 2-bedroom, 1-bath property nestled in a quiet neighborhood! Enjoy the warmth and character of hardwood flooring and a cozy living room fireplace. The kitchen offers a nice eating space, while the partially finished basement provides a versatile family room, laundry area with washer and dryer, and plenty of additional storage. Outside, you’ll love the large, level 1/4-acre lot with a storage shed, plenty of parking, and the freedom of no HOA. Conveniently located close to shopping with excellent freeway access. A charming home with a great combination of comfort, space, and convenience!

16 N Arties Ct, Spokane Valley
$435,000
3 Beds ⋅ 2 Baths ⋅ 202622561 MLS
3-car garage, A/C, and built in 2020! Just a few features not to be missed! This beautifully maintained 3-bed, 2-bath home has all the necessities you’ve been looking for—and plenty of charm to love! Step inside to an inviting open floor plan with 9' ceilings, upgraded lighting, stylish hardware, painted millwork, paneled doors, and soft-close drawers throughout.The kitchen features quartz countertops, full stainless-steel appliances, a gas range, tile backsplash, and plenty of workspace for everyday living or entertaining. The spacious primary suite features a beautifully finished bathroom with a double-sink vanity, quartz countertops, large walk-in closet and linen shelf. The backyard has been well-kept and includes a large patio, fire pit, and a sprinkler system in front and back.

111 N Herald Rd, Spokane Valley
$379,900
3 Beds ⋅ 3 Baths ⋅ 202622522 MLS
Welcome to this spacious 3-bedroom, 3-bathroom rancher in Dhaenens’ Square, a gated 55+ community in the heart of Spokane Valley, featuring main-floor living and an attached 2-car garage. The main floor offers a welcoming living room with gas fireplace, spacious kitchen with stainless steel appliances, informal dining, laundry and two bedrooms, including a primary bedroom with ensuite bath. Downstairs, enjoy a generous family room, bedroom and bathroom, plus a versatile bonus space ideal for a home office or storage. Spend more time enjoying life while the association handles weekly lawn mowing, tree trimming, lawn fertilizing, and snow removal from the driveway and sidewalks. Conveniently located near shopping, dining, medical services and everyday amenities, this home offers a wonderful blend of comfort, space and low-maintenance Spokane Valley living.

13716 E 15th Ln, Spokane Valley
$789,900
6 Beds ⋅ 4 Baths ⋅ 202622517 MLS
Welcome to this beautifully maintained 6-bedroom, 4-bathroom home offering over 4,000 sq ft and a 3-car garage nestled on an oversized corner lot in the Aspen Creek neighborhood. Warm wood floors welcome you into a main floor designed for gathering, with formal and informal dining, a spacious kitchen with stainless appliances and gas range, living room with cozy gas fireplace, great room and convenient main floor laundry. Upstairs, retreat to the primary suite with walk-in closet, soaking tub and double vanity, along with 3 additional bedrooms and a large bedroom/bonus room. Downstairs offers even more room to unwind with a spacious family room and built-in bar, another bedroom, full bath, roughed in flexible office/storage space. Outside, immaculate landscaping surrounds a peaceful, fenced backyard where quiet mornings and the sounds of nature set the tone. Located in the Central Valley School District with easy access to Spokane Valley amenities.

5302 S Bates Dr, Spokane Valley
$187,500
2 Beds ⋅ 1 Baths ⋅ 202622519 MLS
Opportunity awaits in Spokane Valley! This 2-bedroom, 1-bath manufactured home sits on its own land and offers an oversized 1-car garage with plenty of room for vehicles, storage, hobbies, or a workshop. The existing home is livable and provides an affordable way to enjoy the property now, while the value of the land creates additional possibilities for the future. With the right approvals, buyers may have the opportunity to remove the existing manufactured home and build a new home on the property. Whether you're looking for an affordable place to live, an investment opportunity, or a property with future building potential, this one is worth a look. Conveniently located near shopping, dining, outdoor recreation, and hiking trails in Spokane Valley.

710 S Farr Rd, Spokane Valley
$444,400
4 Beds ⋅ 2 Baths ⋅ 202622510 MLS
Big lot, no HOA, and plenty of space in the heart of Spokane Valley! Located in the Central Valley School District, this updated 4-bedroom, 2-bath rancher offers 2,488 sq. ft. on a hard-to-find .35-acre lot. Inside, you’ll find an updated kitchen with granite countertops, vinyl windows, newer HVAC, two fireplaces, and multiple living spaces. Outside, enjoy a large fenced backyard, sprinkler system, mature landscaping, privacy, and room to make it your own. (Basement bedroom is non-egress.)

1225 S Woodlawn Rd, Spokane Valley
$429,900
3 Beds ⋅ 2 Baths ⋅ 202622488 MLS
Welcome home to this brand-new, single-level rancher - the 'Columbia' - designed for modern living. Vaulted ceilings and an open layout create an airy, light-filled vibe, while white cabinets, quartz countertops, and stainless steel appliances deliver a clean, contemporary kitchen you’ll love entertaining from. Durable LVP flooring in the main living areas keeps life low-maintenance and stylish. Step outside and you’re just minutes from great walking, hiking and bicycling trails at the Saltese Uplands Conservation area. With quick freeway access and nearby shopping, everything you need is right at your fingertips. Located within the highly regarded Central Valley School District, this home blends comfort, convenience, and effortless style—ideal for buyers who want new, fresh, and move-in ready without the hassle!

609 S Manifold Ln, Spokane Valley
$185,000
1 Beds ⋅ 1 Baths ⋅ 202622485 MLS
Enjoy simple, low-maintenance living in this well-designed 1-bedroom, 1-bath condo offering 598 square feet of comfortable living space. The efficient floor plan makes great use of every square foot, with a functional kitchen featuring a dishwasher and the convenience of an in-unit washer and dryer. Whether you're looking for an affordable primary residence, a low-maintenance home, or an investment opportunity, this condo offers plenty of flexibility. Monthly HOA fees include water, sewer, and garbage, helping simplify your monthly expenses. A great opportunity to enjoy the benefits of homeownership without the upkeep of a traditional single-family home!

6005 E 6th Ave, Spokane Valley
$760,000
4 Beds ⋅ 3 Baths ⋅ 202622445 MLS
It's hard to find this much space and privacy, and this kind of location all in one home. Even better, it's one of the best values in the highly desirable Morningside neighborhood, a community buyers love. With over 3,600 sq ft, quality construction, & the convenience of main-floor living, this thoughtfully designed floor plan is built for entertaining, working from home, & hosting guests. The gourmet kitchen features hardwood cabinetry, a gas range, & is open to the great room for easy gathering & entertaining. Floor-to-ceiling windows fill the home with natural light, while hardwood floors add warmth and character throughout. The nearly half-acre fenced backyard offers exceptional privacy with room for gardening, pets, summer bbqs, & evenings around the fire pit. Down the street, the private neighborhood park features a walking, biking path, & soccer goals. Located in the sought-after Central Valley School District, just mins from Spokane Valley Mall, Greenacres Park, the Spokane River, & Centennial Trail.

17125 E Daybreak Ln, Spokane Valley
$549,900
4 Beds ⋅ 2 Baths ⋅ 202622439 MLS
Welcome to your own slice of country living in the highly desired Central Valley School District! Tucked near the quiet end of 16th Ave, this 1.45-acre property offers space, privacy, and convenience — with room for animals, RVs, hobbies, and future shop plans. Inside, this 4-bedroom, 2-bath home features over 2,000 sq. ft., a spacious great room, and a beautiful floor-to-ceiling wood-burning fireplace that creates a warm and inviting centerpiece. Thoughtful updates include a newer roof and exterior paint, vinyl windows, updated electrical panel, newer water heater, double oven, dishwasher, and remodeled upstairs bathroom. Outside is where this property really shines! Enjoy the extended Trex deck, 16x32 above-ground pool with solar cover and double wraparound decks, private fenced garden with five planter beds, fenced backyard, chicken coop/dog kennel, and run-in shed. Country-style living just minutes from schools, shopping, and everyday amenities!

16317 E 16th Ave, Spokane Valley
$724,800
6 Beds ⋅ 4 Baths ⋅ 202622433 MLS
Beautiful Spacious home with a view, pool, hot tub, sauna, big finished daylight basement, new roof, playroom/bonus-room, hillside view, garden house and storage shed. Updated and well maintained. Contact listing Agent for more information!

1805 S Limerick Dr, Spokane Valley
$430,000
4 Beds ⋅ 2 Baths ⋅ 202622430 MLS
Skip the wait for new construction with this move-in ready 4-bedroom, 2-bath rancher offering 1,662 square feet of thoughtfully designed living space. Tucked away on a quiet cul-de-sac, this home provides a peaceful setting while remaining close to everyday conveniences. The open-concept floor plan is perfect for entertaining and daily living, featuring hard-surface counter-tops, a generous kitchen island, and a gas range that will delight any home chef. Spacious bedrooms and a functional layout make this home ideal for families or those looking to downsize. Enjoy lower utility costs thanks to the installed solar panels, which help reduce energy bills during the summer months. Step outside to a covered back patio overlooking the beautifully manicured backyard—an ideal space for relaxing or hosting friends and family. The meticulously maintained front and backyard add to the home's outstanding curb appeal.

418 N Arc Ct, Spokane Valley
$294,000
3 Beds ⋅ 1 Baths ⋅ 202622428 MLS
Welcome to this charming Spokane Valley home offering 3 bedrooms, 1 bathroom, and plenty of potential! Situated on a spacious .27-acre lot, there’s plenty of room to enjoy the outdoors, garden, entertain, or add the shop you’ve been wanting. Hardwood floors run throughout most of the home, adding warmth and character, while brand-new vinyl windows provide added comfort and efficiency. Conveniently located near MultiCare Valley Hospital with quick access to I-90, shopping, dining, schools, and everyday amenities. With a hard-to-find oversized lot, room to expand, and a convenient Valley location, this property has all the pieces to make it your own!

13106 E Cataldo Ave, Spokane Valley
$469,900
3 Beds ⋅ 3 Baths ⋅ 202622422 MLS
10K PRICE IMPROVEMENT!! This better than new, beautifully maintained, energy efficient, and move-in ready home can be yours. It's already been thoughtfully finished, upgraded, and landscaped. This well-maintained beauty offers over 2,000 sq ft of air conditioned living space with an open and inviting floor plan with 3 BR, main floor office, 2.5 bathrooms, and attached 2 car garage w/EV charging outlet. The spacious kitchen is a true highlight, featuring stainless steel appliances, beautiful quartz countertops, and classy backsplash. The completely fenced backyard provides privacy and plenty of room, while the covered back patio with lighting creates a wonderful space for relaxing or entertaining. Gardeners will appreciate the raised garden beds and sprinkler and drip system for easy maintenance. Two sheds provide xtra storage for tools, lawn equipment etc. Conveniently located near freeway, shopping and dining and highly rated CV school district. 1 yr. Home warranty included.

1025 S Bannen Rd, Spokane Valley
$449,000
4 Beds ⋅ 2 Baths ⋅ 202622417 MLS
Welcome to this rare Greenacres gem in Spokane Valley! Situated on 0.60 acres, this 4-bedroom, 2-bath home offers 2,157 square feet of comfortable living space with plenty of room to make it your own. The property features established garden beds, a chicken coop, an attached two-car garage, and an impressive detached 24x30 shop with a lean-to providing ample space for storage, hobbies, or projects. Relax in the inviting sunroom while enjoying the natural light, mountain views, and beautiful surroundings throughout all four seasons. Tucked away in a peaceful setting surrounded by mature trees and neighboring properties with horses and other animals, this home offers a wonderful sense of privacy while remaining just minutes from shopping, restaurants, gas stations, and everyday conveniences. Come experience the space, versatility, and lifestyle this unique property has to offer!

17703 E 6th Ave, Spokane Valley
$415,000
4 Beds ⋅ 2 Baths ⋅ 202622405 MLS
Great price near Plante's Ferry Park! This 4-bedroom 2 bath home is nestled in a quiet cul-de-sac surrounded by updated homes. Upstairs you will find an inviting living room with a built-in gas fireplace, high ceilings and new carpet throughout. The basement has LVP flooring, an updated bathroom, laundry and a rec. room with access to the garage. The fourth bedroom in the basement could also be used as an additional multipurpose room; currently being used as a sewing room. Important updates to the home include a new roof in 2023, and a new furnace installed in 2021. Outside the home you'll find an expansive side yard with mature trees and landscaping. A smaller yard area is located off the back of the home below the deck, and needs some TLC, this could be a great space for a private patio or a dog run. Lots of opportunity to add your own updates and personal touches to increase equity!

4417 N Morrow Ct, Spokane Valley

Listings last updated . All information provided is deemed reliable but is not guaranteed and should be independently verified.